Copper(II) oxide
Copper(II) oxide
CAS: 1317-38-0;1344-70-3
Molecular Formula: CuO
Copper(II) oxide - Names and Identifiers
Copper(II) oxide - Physico-chemical Properties
| Molecular Formula | CuO |
| Molar Mass | 79.55 |
| Density | 6.315 |
| Melting Point | 1326 °C |
| Boling Point | 1026℃ (d℃omp) |
| Water Solubility | insoluble |
| Appearance | Black powder |
| Specific Gravity | 6.3-6.49 |
| Color | Brown to black |
| Exposure Limit | ACGIH: TWA 1 mg/m3NIOSH: IDLH 100 mg/m3; TWA 0.1 mg/m3; TWA 1 mg/m3 |
| Merck | 14,2646 |
| PH | 7 (50g/l, H2O, 20℃)(slurry) |
| Storage Condition | no restrictions. |
| Stability | Stable. Incompatible with reducing agents, hydrogen sulfide, aluminium, alkali metals, finely powdered metals. |
| Refractive Index | 2.63 |
| MDL | MFCD00010979 |
| Physical and Chemical Properties | Black monoclinic crystalline or black to brown-black amorphous crystalline powder. melting point 1326 ℃ relative density 6.3~6.49 solubility insoluble in water and alcohol, soluble in dilute acid, ammonium chloride, ammonium carbonate and potassium cyanide. Black monoclinic or black to brownish black amorphous crystalline powder. The relative density of 6.3~6.49. Melting point 1326 °c. Insoluble in water and alcohol, soluble in dilute acid, ammonium chloride, ammonium carbonate and potassium cyanide. Hydrogen or carbon monoxide can be reduced to metallic copper at high temperatures. |
| Use | Used as glass, porcelain pigment, desulfurization agent, Catalyst, also used in Rayon Industry used as glass, enamel, ceramic industry colorants, paint anti-Zolam agent, optical glass polishing agent. It is used in the manufacture of dyes, organic catalyst supports and copper compounds. It is also used in the rayon manufacturing industry and as a desulfurizer for oils and fats. It is used as a raw material for the manufacture of other copper salts and is also a raw material for the manufacture of artificial precious stones. |
Copper(II) oxide - Risk and Safety
| Risk Codes | R22 - Harmful if swallowed R37 - Irritating to the respiratory system R50 - Very Toxic to aquatic organisms |
| Safety Description | S22 - Do not breathe dust. S36 - Wear suitable protective clothing. S61 - Avoid release to the environment. Refer to special instructions / safety data sheets. S60 - This material and its container must be disposed of as hazardous waste. S29 - Do not empty into drains. |
| UN IDs | UN 3077 9 / PGIII |
| WGK Germany | 1 |
| RTECS | GL7900000 |
| TSCA | Yes |
| HS Code | 28255000 |
| Hazard Class | 9 |
| Toxicity | LD50 orally in Rabbit: 470 mg/kg |
Copper(II) oxide - Upstream Downstream Industry
| Raw Materials | Copper(II) sulfate Iron Copper |
| Downstream Products | Copper(II) sulfate Copper(II) sulfate |
Copper(II) oxide - Nature
Open Data Verified Data
Black to brownish-black amorphous powder. Melting point about 1330 °c; d about 6.4. Heat of formation (25 °c)- 37.1 kcal/rnol. Soluble in acid into copper salt, soluble in ammonia, ammonium chloride and potassium cyanide solution, respectively, the formation of soluble salt, but also soluble alkali metal hydroxide dilute solution and blue, insoluble in water, ethanol. The reaction occurs in contact with acetylene and hydrazine.
Last Update：2025-06-10 22:55:16
Copper(II) oxide - Preparation Method
Open Data Verified Data
electrolytic copper was dissolved in nitric acid and heated in the presence of excess copper until the pH of the solution was about 4. The solution was filtered and allowed to evaporate, producing a green basic nitrate. Heating was continued to raise the temperature, and the obtained solid was pulverized and then burned at 700 ° C. For several hours to obtain a pure copper oxide powder.
Last Update：2025-06-10 22:55:16
Copper(II) oxide - Introduction
Black or black to brown-black amorphous crystalline powder, slightly hygroscopic, soluble in dilute acid, cyanide or ammonium carbonate solution, slowly soluble in ammonia, almost insoluble in water and alcohol. Copper oxide can be made into different shapes such as powder and filamentous according to needs.
Last Update：2022-10-16 17:13:21
Copper(II) oxide - Application
Open Data Verified Data
determination of microAnalytical reagents, such as carbon. Oxidant. Catalysts. Manufacture of blue glass, blue-green gemstone. Metal Adhesive curing agent.
Last Update：2025-08-19 16:24:40
Copper(II) oxide - Safety
Open Data Verified Data
inhalation, ingestion or skin contact with the substance can cause a delayed reaction. If the skin or eyes come into contact with the substance, it should be immediately rinsed with clean water.
Last Update：2025-06-10 22:55:16
Copper(II) oxide - Reference Information
| NIST chemical information | Information provided by: webbook.nist.gov (external link) |
| EPA chemical information | Information provided by: ofmpub.epa.gov (external link) |
| application | copper oxide can be used as colorant (green or blue) for glass and porcelain, catalyst for organic synthesis, desulfurizer for oil, rayon preparation and gas analysis, etc. As an oxidant, it is often used in organic analysis to determine the carbon content in compounds. When copper is heated, it combines with oxygen to form copper oxide; when copper nitrate is heated, or when copper hydroxide and basic copper carbonate are heated, copper oxide can be decomposed. The quality of copper oxide in China is relatively low, and the reason is closely related to the more serious sliming and the higher oxidation rate. And on the ore, the distribution of copper oxide is more uneven, that is, it belongs to the relatively difficult type of copper ore. |
| Uses | Copper oxide is an important p-type semiconductor material with a narrow band gap (1.2-1.5eV) due to its unique properties, such as Good thermal stability and photochemical stability, high temperature superconductivity, high electrochemical activity, non-toxic, and cheap preparation method, it has been widely used in catalysts, superconducting materials, thermoelectric materials, sensing materials, glass, ceramics, lithium ion batteries and other fields. Used as a colorant for glass and porcelain, a desulfurizer for oils, a hydrogenation agent, an organic synthesis catalyst, and also used in the manufacture of rayon, gas analysis, etc. used as an analytical reagent (for nitrogen determination), Oxidant, catalyst Used as a colorant for glass, enamel, ceramic industry, anti-wrinkle agent for paint, and polishing agent for optical glass. Used in the manufacture of dyes, organic catalyst supports and copper compounds. It is also used as a desulfurizer for rayon manufacturing industry and grease. It is used as a raw material for making other copper salts and also for making artificial gemstones. used as a pigment, desulfurizer and catalyst for glass and porcelain, and also used in rayon industry used for determination of carbon in organic compounds used as an analytical reagent, oxidant, catalyst and petroleum desulfurizer used as a colorant for glass, enamel and ceramic industries, an anti-sou agent for paints, and an polishing agent for optical glass. Used in the manufacture of dyes, organic catalyst supports and copper compounds. It is also used in rayon manufacturing industry and as a desulfurizer for grease. Used as a raw material for making other copper salts, and also a raw material for making artificial gemstones. Blue-green pigment, artificial gemstone, determination of carbon in gas analysis, colored glass, ceramic glaze, oil desulfurizer, organic synthesis catalyst. Application of nano-copper oxide: (1) It is widely used as an important inorganic material in the fields of catalysis, superconductivity, ceramics, etc. (2) Used as catalyst and catalyst carrier and electrode active material. (3) Used as a colorant for glass and porcelain, optical glass polishing agent, organic synthesis catalyst, oil desulfurizer, hydrogenation agent. (4) Manufacture of artificial gemstones and other copper oxides. (5) Used in the manufacture of rayon, gas analysis and determination of organic compounds, etc. (6) It can also be used as a burning rate catalyst for rocket propellants. Nanometer copper oxide powder has superior catalytic activity and selectivity than large-size copper oxide powder and other |
| preparation | solution purification precipitated copper hydroxide: copper oxide powder and H2O2 are added into copper sulfate solution according to the ratio of copper sulfate: copper oxide: hydrogen peroxide = 1: 0.01: 0.005, the PH of the solution is 3.5-4.2, the solution is boiled, purified and filtered, then the clear liquid is continuously stirred and 8-12% sodium hydroxide solution is gradually added into it, the copper sulfate in the solution is converted into copper hydroxide precipitation, and the main reaction is to control the amount of alkali solution (NaOH) to the solution PH = 10-11. |
| toxicity | see cuprous oxide. |
| production method | copper powder oxidation method. Reaction equation: 4Cu O2 → 2Cu2O 2Cu2O 2O2 → 4CuO CuO H2SO4 → CuSO4 H2O CuSO4 Fe → FeSO4 Cu ↓ 2Cu O2 → 2CuO Operation method: copper ash and copper slag are used as raw materials for roasting and heating with gas for preliminary oxidation to remove moisture and organic impurities in the raw materials. The generated primary oxide is naturally cooled, crushed, and then subjected to secondary oxidation to obtain crude copper oxide. The crude copper oxide is added to a pre-installed 1:1 sulfuric acid reactor, and reacted under heating and stirring until the relative density of the liquid is twice the original, and the pH value is 2~3, which is the end of the reaction, and the copper sulfate solution is generated. After standing and clarifying, under the conditions of heating and stirring, iron shavings are added to replace the copper, and then hot water is used to wash without sulfate and iron. After centrifugal separation, drying, oxidation roasting at 450 ℃ for 8 hours, cooling, crushing in 100 mesh, and then oxidation in an oxidation furnace to prepare copper oxide powder. The copper powder oxidation method uses copper ash and copper slag as raw materials, after roasting, and heating with gas for preliminary oxidation to remove moisture and organic impurities in the raw materials. The generated primary oxide is naturally cooled, crushed, and then subjected to secondary oxidation to obtain crude copper oxide. The crude copper oxide is added to a reactor pre-installed with 1:l sulfuric acid, and reacted under heating and stirring until the relative density of the liquid is 1 times the original, and the Ph value is 2-3, which is the end of the reaction, and the copper sulfate solution is generated. After standing for clarification, under the conditions of heating and stirring, iron shavings are added to replace the copper, and then washed with hot water until there is no sulfate and iron. After centrifugal separation, drying, oxidation roasting at 450 ℃ for 8 hours, cooling, crushing to 100 mesh, and then oxidation in an oxidation furnace to prepare copper oxide powder. Its 4Cu O2 → 2Cu2OCu2O 0.5O2 → 2CuOCu0 H2S04 → CuSO4 H2OCuSO4 Fe → FeSO4 Cu ↓ 2Cu O2 → 2CuO |
| category | toxic substances |
| toxicity classification | highly toxic |
| acute toxicity | oral administration-rat LD50 470 mg/kg; Abdominal cavity-mouse LD50: 273 mg/kg |
| flammability hazard characteristics | non-combustible; toxic copper-containing smoke from the fire site |
| storage and transportation characteristics | warehouse is low temperature, ventilated and dry; Store separately from food raw materials |
| fire extinguishing agent | water, carbon dioxide, dry powder, sand |
| toxic substance data | information provided by: pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov (external link) |
| immediate life-threatening and health concentration | 100 mg Cu/m3 |
Last Update：2024-04-10 22:29:15
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Raw Materials for Copper(II) oxide
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